Domains: 1 - Model Leadership; 2 - Communicate and Manage Information; 3 - Plan for and Improve Practice; 4 - Protect Worker Health and Safety
Taken directly from the CDC:
Brief EXECUTIVE SUMMARY : (click link above to read complete information)
Public health threats are always present. Whether caused by natural, accidental, or intentional means, these threats can lead to the onset of public health incidents. Being prepared to prevent, respond to, and rapidly recover from public health threats is critical for protecting and securing our nation’s public health.
The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic underscored the importance of communities being prepared for potential threats. Because of its unique abilities to respond to infectious, occupational, or environmental incidents, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) plays a pivotal role in ensuring that state and local public health systems are prepared for these and other public health incidents. CDC provides funding and technical assistance for state, local, and territorial public health departments through the Public Health Emergency Preparedness (PHEP) cooperative agreement. PHEP cooperative agreement funding provides approximately $700 million annually to 50 states, four localities, and eight U.S. territories and freely associated states for building and strengthening their abilities to respond to public health incidents.
Evolving Threats and Strengthening the Public Health System
Public health departments have made progress since 2001, as demonstrated in CDC’s state preparedness reports (http://www.cdc.gov/phpr/reportingonreadiness.htm). However, state and local public health departments continue to face multiple challenges, including an ever-evolving list of public health threats. Regardless of the threat, an effective public health response begins with an effective public health system with robust systems in place to conduct routine public health activities. In other words, strong state and local public health systems are the cornerstone of an effective public health response.
Today, public health systems and their respective preparedness programs face many challenges. Federal funds for preparedness have been declining, causing state and local planners to express concerns over their ability to sustain the real and measurable advances made in public health preparedness since September 11, 2001, when Congress appropriated funding to CDC to expand its support nationwide of state and local public health preparedness. State and local planners likely will need to make difficult choices about how to prioritize and ensure that federal dollars are directed to priority areas within their jurisdictions.
Defining National Standards for State and Local Planning
In response to these challenges and in preparation for a new five-year PHEP cooperative agreement that takes effect in August 2011, CDC implemented a systematic process for defining a set of public health preparedness capabilities to assist state and local health departments with their strategic planning. The resulting body of work, Public Health Preparedness Capabilities: National Standards for State and Local Planning, hereafter referred to as public health preparedness capabilities, creates national standards for public health preparedness capability-based planning and will assist state and local planners in identifying
gaps in preparedness, determining the specific jurisdictional priorities, and developing plans for building and sustaining capabilities. These standards are designed to accelerate state and local preparedness planning, provide guidance and recommendations for preparedness planning, and, ultimately, assure safer, more resilient, and better prepared communities.
Public health preparedness capabilities. CDC identified the following 15 public health preparedness capabilities (shown in their corresponding domains) as the basis for state and local public health preparedness:
| Biosurveillance | Community Resilience | Countermeasures and Mitigation | Incident Management | Information Management | Surge Management |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Public Health Laboratory Testing |
Community Preparedness |
Medical Countermeasure Dispensing |
Emergency Operations Coordination |
Emergency Public Information and Warning |
Fatality Management |
| Public Health Surveillance and Epidemiological Investigation |
Community Recovery |
Medical Materiel Management and Distribution |
Information Sharing |
Mass Care |
|
Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions |
Medical Surge |
||||
Responder Safety and Health |
Volunteer Management |
States and Territories
http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nims/AllGovernors_2009_NIMS_ImplementationLetterIMSI.pdf
Link for all three of the above
http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nims/FY2009_NIMS_Implementation_Chart.pdf
http://www.fema.gov/emergency/nims/ImplementationGuidanceStakeholders.shtm
http://www.fema.gov/emergency/nims/AboutNIMS.shtm
http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nims/NIMS_core.pdf
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/
PERRCS
PHASYS Interactive Models: "Chris Keane developed this model as an extension of his outbreak response model, with embedded spread of virus." PHPR 1.3, 1.4 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1-3.3, 4.2; CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB):
PHPR: 1.6; CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 2
PHPR: 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5; CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 15
The Office of Public Affairs of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have developed messages and other resources for federal, state, local, and tribal public health officials to use during a response to an emergency.
Provided here are messages that apply to all Category A Biological Agents, as classified by the CDC, as well as messages about chemical and radiological events and suicide bombing.
The messages were written to be used by federal public health officials and to be adapted for the use of state and local public health officials during a terrorist attack or suspected attack. Use these messages as follows:
In addition to this federal resource, public health departments in several states and some cities and local governments have developed similar messages. With the permission of the public health departments, state and locally developed messages will be shared on this site so that public health officials throughout the nation can benefit from each other’s work.
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CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2, 3, 6
Section Content
Return to TopCDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11
Treatment and Transport of Victims of Hazardous Substances: PHPR competency 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
"OSHA has developed a guide for emergency medical service (EMS) responders who provide medical assistance during an incident involving a hazardous substance release. This guide is intended for employers of EMS responders and discusses the measures these employers need to take to protect their EMS respon- ders from becoming additional victims while on the front line of medical response".
Emergency Response Guide Book 2008: PHPR competency 3.1, 3.2, 2.5,
"This guide book is for First Responders during the initial phase of transportation of dangerous and hazardous goods; proper shipping documents, identifying transport tankers, identifying railroad cars, who to call for assistance, hazardous classification system, placards, hazard identification codes, pipeline transposition, and much more."
Hospital and Community Emergency Response : PHPR competency 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
COURSES BELOW are provided by Heartland Centers
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- Basics of Incident Management Systems in Greater St. Louis Area
- CD-ROM for NIMS (National Incident Management Systems) for Fire and EMS in St. Louis
- The Collection: Tabletop Exercise for Public Health Preparedness
- CD-ROM Evaluate and improve the agencies response plan, exercise responders and key stakeholders during an emergency event with these 45 -50 exercises covering Multiple, Biological, and Chemical agents, Explosives and Natural Disasters.
- Disaster Preparedness for Environmental Health Specialists
- Emergency Preparedness for Governing Bodies NALBOH Course
- Emerging Infectious Diseases: A General, Clinical and Public Health Resource
- Introduction to Emergency Preparedness for All Nurses Online and CD
- Mass Shelter CD_ROM
- NIMS: An Introduction for Public Health
- P3: Plan, Prepare, Protect: A Community Preparedness Tool
- Risk Communication: Effectively Communication with the Media During a Public Health Crisis
- Emergency Preparedness Including Bioterrorism: An All Hazards Course for Local Boards of Health Online Certification
CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2, 7, 15
Return to topCommunity and Hospital Emergency Response : PHPR competency 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1
Section Content
Return to TopCDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1
Nursing: Perspectives on Suicide Prevention among American Indian and Alaska Native Children and Adolescents: A Call for Help
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CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1
Section Content
Return to TopCDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14
Section Content
Return to topCDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 14
1. Heartland Centers for Public Health & Community Capacity Development: PHPR competency 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
A. Emergency Responders and Medical Service: Enroll and Login
Basics of Incident Management Systems in Greater St. Louis Area
- CD-ROM for NIMS (National Incident Management Systems) for Fire and EMS in St. Louis
- The Collection: Tabletop Exercise for Public Health Preparedness
- CD-ROM Evaluate and improve the agencies response plan, exercise responders and key stakeholders during an emergency event with these 45 -50 exercises covering Multiple, Biological, and Chemical agents, Explosives and Natural Disasters.
- Disaster Preparedness for Environmental Health Specialists
- Emergency Preparedness for Governing Bodies NALBOH Course
- Emerging Infectious Diseases: A General, Clinical and Public Health Resource
- Introduction to Emergency Preparedness for All Nurses Online and CD
- Mass Shelter CD_ROM
- NIMS: An Introduction for Public Health
- P3: Plan, Prepare, Protect: A Community Preparedness Tool
Clean Hands Help Prevent the Flu
Genreal Instructions for Disposal of Respirators
Influenza Antivirals (Pan Flu Preparedness for LHDs, Session 5)
Influenza Vaccines (Pan Flu Preparedness for LHDs, Session 6)
- Risk Communication: Effectively Communication with the Media During a Public Health Crisis
- Emergency Preparedness Including Bioterrorism: An All Hazards Course for Local Boards of Health Online Certification
B. Nursing: Enroll and Login
- Learning with Lilly:
- Introduction to Public Health Nursing
- Principles of Public Health Nursing Instructor CD-ROM
- Introduction to Emergency Preparedness for all Nurses: introduce nurses regardless of specialty of roles and responsibility, recognize emergency events, and identify limitations.
Nursing Journal:
- Adpating Standards of Care Under Extreme Conditions: Guidence for Professionals during Disasters, Pandemics and Other Extreme Emergencies (2.1 MB)
- Perspectives on Suicide Prevention among American Indian and Alaska Native Children and Adolescents: A Call for Help
C. Public Health: Enroll and Login
- Emergency Preparedness Including Bioterrorism: An All Hazards Course for Local Boards of Health Online Certification
- Heartland Center and Tulsa Health Dept. Flu Prevention Campaign: Don't Bug Me
- Public Health Administrator Series: Enroll and Login
CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 13, 14
CPHD: Harzard Risk Assessment Workbook: PHPR 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
A guide to enable state and local public health agencies to conduct a risk assessment of their community. The tool is designed for use as a standard approach to hazard risk assessment that is adapted to the public health impacts of hazards. HRAI will allow public health agencies to assess the probability of hazards for a particular geographic area and the magnitude of impact given the local resources, allowing for prioritization of response and mitigation options.
PHICS: Public Health Incident Command System PHPR: 4.3, 4.2, 4.1, 3.3, 3.1, 2.5, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.1, 1.2,
Return to topCDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2
Coping with Traumatic Events PHPR: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/coping-with-traumatic-events/index.shtml
Traumatic Incident Stress
CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2; PHPR:1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/traumaticincident/
Responders need to take care of their own health to maintain the constant vigilance they need for their own safety. Responders must be able to stay focused on the job in the dynamic, changing emergency environment. Often responders do not recognize the need to take care of themselves and to monitor their own emotional and physical health. This is especially true if recovery efforts stretch into several weeks. The following guidelines contain simple methods for workers and their team leaders to help themselves and their team members. These guidelines should be read while at the site and again after workers return home.
Return to topOver time, workers' impressions and understanding of their experience will change. This process is different for everyone. No matter what the event or an individual's reaction to it, workers can follow some basic steps to help themselves adjust to the experience:
- Reach out—people really do care.
- Reconnect with family, spiritual, and community supports.
- Consider keeping a journal.
- Do not make any big life decisions.
- Make as many daily decisions as possible to give yourself a feeling of control over your life.
- Spend time with others or alone doing the things you enjoy to refresh and recharge yourself.
- Be aware that you may feel particularly fearful for your family. This is normal and will pass in time.
- Remember that "getting back to normal" takes time. Gradually work back into your routine. Let others carry more weight for a while at home and at work.
- Be aware that recovery is not a straight path but a matter of two steps forward and one back. You will make progress.
- Appreciate a sense of humor in yourself and others. It is okay to laugh again.
- Your family will experience the disaster along with you. You need to support each other. This is a time for patience, understanding, and communication.
- Avoid overuse of drugs or alcohol. You do not need to complicate your situation with a substance abuse problem.
- Get plenty of rest and normal exercise. Eat well-balanced, regular meals.
CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 2, 4, 11
Symptoms of Stress PHPR: 4.3, 4.2, 4.1, 3.1, 2.5, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4
Workers may experience physical, cognitive, emotional, or behavioral symptoms of stress. Some people experience these reactions immediately at the scene, while for others symptoms may occur weeks or months later.
Workers experiencing any of the following symptoms should seek IMMEDIATE medical attention:
- Chest pain
- Difficulty breathing
- Severe pain
- Symptoms of shock (shallow breathing, rapid or weak pulse, nausea, shivering, pale and moist skin, mental confusion, and dilated pupils)
Workers may also experience the following physical symptoms. If these symptoms occur over time or become severe, workers should seek medical attention. Additional physical symptoms include:
- Fatigue
- Nausea/vomiting
- Dizziness
- Profuse sweating
- Thirst
- Headaches
- Visual difficulties
- Clenching of jaw
- Nonspecific aches and pains
If these symptoms occur on the scene workers may not be able to stay clearly focused to maintain their own safety or to rescue injured victims. Workers may experience momentary cognitive symptoms; however, if symptoms are chronic or interfere with daily activities, workers should seek medical attention. These symptoms include:
- Confusion
- Disorientation
- Heightened or lowered alertness
- Poor concentration
- Poor problem solving
- Difficulty identifying familiar objects or people
- Memory problems
- Nightmares
Strong emotions are ordinary reactions to a traumatic or extraordinary situation. Workers should seek mental health support from a disaster mental health professional if symptoms or distress continue for several weeks or if they interfere with daily activities. Emotional symptoms include:
- Anxiety
- Guilt
- Denial
- Grief
- Fear
- Irritability
- Loss of emotional control
- Depression
- Sense of failure
- Feeling overwhelmed
- Blaming others or self
- Severe panic (rare)
Return to TopAs a result of a traumatic incident, workers may notice the following behavioral changes in themselves or coworkers:
- Intense anger
- Withdrawal
- Emotional outburst
- Temporary loss or increase of appetite
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Inability to rest, pacing
- Change in sexual functioning
CDC Capabilities Videos and Files( 3.1 MB): 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11
Federal and federalized employees involved in emergency response may be physically and emotionally impacted by this experience. Employees involved in response efforts should be encouraged to care for their own health by maintaining normal sleeping habits, trying to exercise, eating well-balanced meals, drinking plenty of non-caffeinated, non-alcoholic beverages, taking rest breaks when possible, and talking about their feelings as needed.
Emergency response can be both rewarding and stressful, and it is important to recognize that some emotional reactions are to be expected. Support can be provided by family, friends, and consider utilizing community or faith-based organizations. Employers (agencies and contractors) should also make information available to employees about resources for addressing emotional and physical health issues that may arise before, during, and after emergency response efforts. Educational materials and counseling are important options, and employers should encourage the use of these resources to help support their employees.
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/emergencypreparedness/resilience_resources/index.html